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1 informal economy
Englisch-Deutsch Fachwörterbuch der Wirtschaft > informal economy
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2 informal economy
эк., соц. неформальная экономика (совокупность форм хозяйственной деятельности, не фиксируемой в формальных контрактах и не учитываемая государственной статистикой; может быть как легальной, так и нелегальной; понятие ввел К. Харт)Syn:underground economy, black economy, shadow economy, cash economy, informal sector, irregular economySee: -
3 informal economy
ECONOMICS travail m au noirThe European Commission estimates 7-16 percent of the European economy is informal, giving a range of approximately EUR500 billion-1.1 trillion ($448.8 billion to $987 billion) that is effectively a cash economy. The smallest informal economies are estimated to be in Scandinavia, Ireland, Austria and the Netherlands, each at around a very honest, and modest, 5 percent of GDP. But that balloons to over 20 percent in Italy and Greece.
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4 informal economy
Econthe economy that runs in parallel to the formal economy but outside the reach of the tax system, most transactions being paid for in cash or goods -
5 informal economy
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6 informal economy
неформальная экономика; теневая экономика; экономика, в которой производство товаров и услуг, циркуляция денежных потоков и т.п. осуществляется без уведомления властных органов; распространена в условиях аномии.* * *неформальная экономика; теневая экономика; экономика, в которой производство товаров и услуг, циркуляция денежных потоков и т.п. осуществляется без уведомления властных органов; распространена в условиях аномии. -
7 informal economy
1) Экономика: неформальная экономическая деятельность, неформальный сектор экономики, неформальный сектор экономической деятельности, неформальная экономика (как сегмент мировой экономики)2) Социология: распространена в условиях аномии., теневая экономика, экономика, в которой производство товаров и услуг, циркуляция денежных потоков и т.п. осуществляется без уведомления властных органов -
8 informal economy
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9 informal economy
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10 burgeoning informal economy
Экономика: нарождающееся хозяйствоУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > burgeoning informal economy
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11 in the informal economy
Экономика: в сфере неформальной экономикиУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > in the informal economy
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12 burgeoning informal economy
новое, нарождающееся хозяйствоEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > burgeoning informal economy
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13 informal
informal [ɪn'fɔ:məl]∎ he's very informal for a prime minister il est très décontracté pour un premier ministre;∎ British offices tend to be more informal than German ones en Grande-Bretagne l'ambiance dans les bureaux tend à être plus décontractée qu'en Allemagne∎ his dress was informal il était habillé simplement;∎ informal or evening dress? tenue de ville ou tenue de soirée?∎ I had an informal chat with the boss j'ai discuté un peu avec le patron;∎ they had informal talks with the Russians ils ont eu des entretiens non officiels avec les Russes(d) (colloquial → speech, language, words) familier►► Economics informal economy travail m au noir;Australian informal vote bulletin m nul -
14 ♦ informal
♦ informal /ɪnˈfɔ:ml/a.1 non ufficiale; informale; senza cerimonie; senza formalità; alla buona: informal economy, economia informale; an informal visit, una visita senza formalità; informal talks, colloqui non ufficiali; an informal talk, un discorso alla buona2 (leg.) informale; irregolare; non a norma di legge: informal agreement, accordo informale (o di massima)4 (ling.) familiare; colloquiale; dell'uso familiareinformalityn. [u]1 mancanza di formalità; tono familiare2 (leg.) irregolarità; vizio di formainformallyavv.senza formalità; senza cerimonie. -
15 informal
прил.1)а) общ. неформальный; неофициальный; без (соблюдения) формальностей, не по формеSee:б) общ. неформальный, неофициальный (осуществленный без какой-л. регистрации со стороны государства или не попадающий под действие закона)See:informal agreement, informal association, informal contract, informal economy, informal group, informal institution, informal leader, informal leadership, informal liquidation, informal market, informal network, informal organization, informal reorganization, informal restructuring, informal sector, informal status, informal structure2) общ. естественный, непринужденный, свободный, простой, обычныйShe's informal with everyone. — Она со всеми держится непринужденно.
Ant:informal agreement, informal association, informal contract, informal economy, informal group, informal institution, informal leader, informal leadership, informal liquidation, informal market, informal network, informal organization, informal reorganization, informal restructuring, informal sector, informal status, informal structure -
16 economy
n1) хозяйство, экономика2) экономия, бережливость3) ( economies) экономия, сбережения
- advanced economy
- agricultural economy
- atomistic economy
- backward economy
- barter economy
- black economy
- burgeoning informal economy
- business economy
- capitalist economy
- cash economy
- city economy
- closed economy
- command economy
- commercial economy
- commodity economy
- competitive economies
- controlled economy
- decentralized exchange economy
- defence economy
- dependent economy
- developed economy
- developing economy
- dire economy
- directed economy
- diversified economy
- domestic economy
- engineering economy
- exchange economy
- external economies
- farm economy
- free enterprise economy
- global economy
- grain economy
- home economy
- industrial economy
- integrated economy
- internal economies
- international economy
- local economies
- managed economy
- market economy
- market-directed economy
- market-driven economy
- mature economy
- maximum economy
- military economy
- mixed economy
- multi-branch economy
- municipal economy
- national economy
- natural economy
- open economy
- payable economy
- paying economy
- planned economy
- political economy
- profitable economy
- rigid economy
- rural economy
- scale economies
- self-subsistent peasant economy
- shadow economy
- sick economy
- single crop economy
- stable economy
- stagnant economy
- stationary economy
- steady economy
- struggling economies
- thriving economy
- transition economy
- underground economy
- unstable economy
- well-balanced economy
- world economy
- economy of abundance
- economy of funds
- economies of regions
- economies of scale
- economy of scarcity
- economies of scope
- economy of space
- economy of time
- boost the economy
- ensure economy
- introduce economies
- promote the regional economy
- regenerate the economy
- reorganize the economy
- restruct the economy
- restructure the economy
- revitalize the economy
- revive the economyEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > economy
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17 economy
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18 economy
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19 economy
Einsparung; Wirtschaft* -
20 informal sector
См. также в других словарях:
informal economy — ➔ economy1 * * * informal economy UK US noun [C] ECONOMICS ► THE SHADOW ECONOMY(Cf. ↑the shadow economy) … Financial and business terms
Informal economy — In economics, the term informal economy (or second economy in the South African context) refers to all economic activities that fall outside the formal economy regulated by economic and legal institutions. It refers to the general market income… … Wikipedia
informal economy — As used by sociologists, the term refers to non market work, in some cases with the addition of black economy work (which is market work strictly defined). Economists are more likely to use the term as an alternative label for the hidden,… … Dictionary of sociology
informal economy — An alternative term for the Underground economy … Auditor's dictionary
Coalition of Informal Economy Association of Swaziland — The Coalition of Informal Economy Association of Swaziland (CIEAS) was formed in 2006 by marginalized community based organizations (CBOs) striving to earn a leaving by carrying out different income generation projects. CIEAS has a membership of… … Wikipedia
informal economies — informal economy … Dictionary of sociology
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